Door-closer.



J. D. HUMPHREY.

DOOR CLOSER.

APPLIUA'MON rILED JAN'. 1912.

Patented Oct. 8, 1912.

'UNTE ST EC AENT UFFHE.

JOHN D. HUMPHREY, 0F WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN M. BRADY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, AND E. C. HALLIDAY, 0F

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

DOOR-CLOSER.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 8,1912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN D. Hnivlrnnnr, a citizen ot' the United States, residing at lVaterbui-y, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Door-Closers, of which the following is a specilication.

This invention relates to door-closers, the object ot' the invention being to provide a simple and effective device of this character having' means which is positive and certain in action, tor controlling the elosimglr ot the door and tor also preventing injury to the parts should the door be closed very quickly or with unnecessary force. The title given has beenadopted merely as a matter ot' convenience as said device can be eu'iployed with equal advantage in other connections, for instance t'or closing a gate or something ot a similar nature.

1n the drawings accompanying and 'liornr iuar part of the present specification, I have showin in detail one ot the several convenient forms ol euilmdimcnt ot the invention, which will he set forth, tully in the following dcscription, this disclosure being to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. It will be obvious therefore that l do not restrict myself thereto; l may depart therefrom in several respects within the scope ot the invention included in the claims followingr said description.

Referring to said drawings: ltigure l is a vertical sectional view of a door-closer involving my invention, showing the same associated with a door and :framing thereof both partially illustrated in said view in elevation. liigs. 2 and 3 are cross sections on the lilies 2--2 and $-3 respectively ot' Fig. l in t-he direction o'l the arrows applied thereto. Fig. t is a perspective view ot a portion ot the governor mechanism hereinafter more particularly des-ribed.

Like characters ret'er to like parts throughout the several figures.

Referring;- to Fig. l, the numeral Si dei notes swinging structure which may be and will. hereinafter be considered as, a door, the frame thereof being?r designated by t3, and said door being hinged to thc :trame or equivalent by one or more hinges as 7.

The principal operative parts ot' the door-closing` mechanism are housed or inclosed in a suitable casing such as that denoted in a general way by 8 and which may have exterior lugs or ears as 9 adapted to he fastened hy screws or similar means to the door 5 generally upon the inside thereot. The device includes in its organization a suitable arbor, shaft or spindle such as itl and which is operatively connected with the door-framc or analogous part (3. This arbor as will hereinafter appear, is spring' operated, although it might he actuated in some equivalent manner, and its ell'ectl is applied through the interventitm ot coop erating means to shut the door. Said arbor or spindle extends entirelythrough the casing or housing),r 8, its ends being.,r threaded as at V1 1 and l2 and the threads as shown being of opposite pitch. lu the present instance the threads ll are lett-hand while the threads l)J are right-hand.

'lo the frame (i is shown as pivotally con nected the link 13, said link in the construction shown being pivoted at its inner end to the bracket l'il fastened to the frame (i. The outer end ot the link 125 is loosely pivoted or otherwise jointed to the companion link 15 which has a head lo inleriorly threaded as at 11i", the threads .t7 being ot let't hand pitch to mate with and"receivc those already denoted by 1l. 'l'he arbor or spindle l() extends through hubs or bosses 1S and llt) Vupon the (op aml bottom otf the casinaT S, the upper hub being; threaded externally to receive the collar f3() through which the upper threaded end ot the arbor lt) projects, while the lower hub lil is similarly threaded to removably receive the thimble or cap l which iin-loses thc lower threaded end ot said arbor which tor the time boing` is not in use.

ln the ctnistruction shown the device is l'asttued to a rightdulnd door. fit the casing;v S be inverted and it the positions of the collar 2t) and 2l. be reversed,thedevire would then be adapted t'or operative connection with a lclt-hand door except; that in such an event. as this, it would be necessary to provide a link such as l5, the head or hub 1G o't which has a right hand thread toreceive the threads ly already described. l, thercl'orc, provide :for the ready attachment of the closet' to right or lett. hand doors whether the e'nds ot' the arbor or spindle t0 be threaded or not, one ot the priu'iary points of the invention being the extension of such an arbor entirely through the casmember ing, so Ythat either end is adapted for operative connection with a link euch as l or some analogous member.

The particular advantage of threadingone or both ends of the spindle or arbor will be hereinafter set forth. The same result, however, can be obtained in other ways within the scope of my invention, although thc threaded joint is highly advant-ageous.`

:it will be assumed' at the present time that 'there is a .rigid connection between the arbor ld and the link and that there is a constant spiders,l action against said arbor or spindle. Under such circumstances when the door is opened this spring is put under` further tensionand when the door is rethe spriiig` of the arbor with the aid the cooperating parts will close the same. This action in itself is comparatively wellknown, so that it is quite unnecessary 'for me to describe the same further in detail.`

The operating spring for closing the door is denoted by Q2, and it is inclosed by the annular lange 23 depending 'from the top of the housing S, one end of said spring being' fastened to said flange and 'the other to the arbor l0. This springlike those used in door-closers of the ordinary kind is constantly under tension, although as will be understood it is further tensioned by and on theopening of the door.-

is will hereinafterl appear il provide an automatically-operable governor iler controlling the closing of the door, the action of the {rover-nor being such ,to prevent. the door closed too rapidly either by slamming or the wind or from other causes., The

iea'ns between the arbor or spindle l() and the gorernor is oiZ such a nature that the door can be :freely opened without ailiecting governor, but when the door is closed the governor becomes active to perform its ottice. The governor vary to type, although a cei'itrilfugal ze'mfernor is quite sat 1s"ietory in this connection 'will herein att-er appear.

lThe governor is denoted in a general way by 2li, tary shaft 25, the cone pointed ends of which are shown fitted in bearings .in the casing 8. viastened to said. shaft so as to rotate therewith, is the collar 2G to which are connectcd the upper ends oit bowed-spring arms 28, the lower ends of said arms being connected with the collar 2) sh able on said shalft 25, the spring; arms i263 Mtween their ends having attached thereto the wei To the sleeve 29 is rigidl' brake-member 3l which is ing' ot a disk. Coperz member 31 are one or ,in B2 which are relatively stationary and which are shown consisting of pins extending through. 'the substantially annular body or located between and pivoted to and it involves in its make-up Vthe roreaches between the two brake shoes the latter apply.

equal effects to the brake element 3l when the latter is brought into engagement with said shoes. rllhe rear arm of the lever 35, has connected therewith a coiled pull-spring 36, the normal tendency of which is to swing` the active or brake carrying end of said lef ver 35 away from the disk 31, said active end being adjustable toward said disk by a suitable adjusting member such as the screw 37, shown as tapped through the bot-tom of `the casing 8 and the tip ot which is adapted to engage the adjacent end ot' the brake le- Ver 35 for such purpose` `When the movement of the door in closing' exceeds a certain speed as will hereinafter appear, the weights or balls 30 are thrown@outward by centrifugal actiony'and on this motion the brake element or disk 3l through the outwardly-Heated arms 28, is brought in contact with the shoes 32 to thereby check the said closing movement. The degree of Contact between the movable and relatively stationary members of the brake mechanism vcan be regulated through the agency of the screw 37.

Fixed to the governor'shaft 35 so as to rotate therewith, is the pinion-38 in `mesh with the spur-gear 39 which in the construction shown is rigidly carried by the elongated hub l0 of the pinion all, said hub l() being loose on the arbor lO andthe pinion 4:1 being` in mesh with the spur gear l2 rigid `with the shaft i3 rotatively carriedl by a suitable bearing or bracket; inr the housing,- S. lixed to said shaft d3 is a pinion le in mesh with the spur-gear which has on its inner side the spring-operativo pawl. 4G in engagement at all times with thoratchetwheel 47, rigidly connected with the arbor l0 so as to rotate therewith. lt will be clear, Y

therefore, that when the door 5 is opened, the arbor 1G turns, but no elllect is transferred from said arbor to the governor 24 owing; to the interpositiou between the two parts of the pawl-and-ratchet mechanism, the pawl 4G, relatively speaking,V during the openingof the door riding,lr idly over the teeth ofthe ratchet-Wheel 47 which at this time is being rotated. llVhen the'door, h owever, is closed there is a direct, positive connection between the governor and the arbor so that should said arbor be rotated at an excessive or an abnormal speed, the brake Cil mechanism already clefscribrwl, will ho thrown uulou'iatically into action lo check lli@ sullcleu or tou-rapid closing ol the door.

There unify he fuses in which il lesiroi'l lo Wholly prevent tho rl Lling ol. lho door, lor instance hy throwing lnlu, llooiclosing nmil'han'irunout of :union :nul u. 'throw-out or istop-nioinlmr suoli as flll, nnrlwrfr; Sufi 'lnrlorily in lhiss connonlion, Suid inmnhor au; shown consisting' ol" :i Shrew Minimi through the onlin: side ol' (ho rue-,ingr S unil :uluplod lo loo interposed in thu nulli ol Inovenuenb ol the,l projoolion lll uxliieluling from thi` collar or slr-(svn l ulrrzuly A l scribed. Normally this Horen' flu isoulreiilv of [he path oil the projoclion flf). lily ruuningv lho screw 48 in suliicinnlly fur, how.- ovor, they door un nu will liu iuulin'fllruul, he lwlfl open :it uny desired poinl` nml will he released :is soon un lello sfzrcw #15S .is hacked out (he requisite oxlent.

Noriuully tho uppur uml olI the spindle or arbor l() lueurs u ninnlz lhe roolf' olf the fnvity 50 in, whioh lhu llirmnln l? urn loruuul, :nul Suiil hollom l'luub` servo: :is u suitable slop. for suill urlmr or annullo, :ill'hough il; if; ooncoivnlilu lluil omo oquivn l'JnlY menus might be utiliz (l 'for llui Sumo purposu. The oousiuuoncc lliulj. l'hfz floor x,un he opoucrl or Clonofl cxuol'ly filler illu manner now `in voglio with ordinary fflosirs oillmr of the spring' or lluill typo. ll, will he nssn'unoil lluil, nu unusual closing; 'lorro upplicil lo lho floor i-ilhor hy n hlnu` ol nir or somo olijuol, l'ulling' llurifz'igxuinsl. In lfhis lwont lille disk Sl. will br oa'u'riifl ngninsl' llio luuli'o-ShooS lill uml worn il not lor llio slip commotion hctwuen the urhor lll) :unl link: l5 lh'o urhor l() might Sump, lvho gouine; stripped or Sonie lilco :reculent happen. luslczul ol" this when thv door is; cloulul nl un xresnivn alle ol ni'ieeul, tho influir or spiuilln l() will lmul tho link '15 upwnril, own-1g' to lh@ lliluurihofl rouuooliiou hulwuon llue lu'o l, pulls, So ll'luly no injury mln ron-ullN llu nll'onl lining practically like llinlol" :i slip joinl; liu tween unifi two purls. Whom tlm looiis liunlly `@hut or closoil lig-lil', l'ho arhor lll will ho lurnorl in tho op'iosilo lirnol ion il, follows 'on lille opininl lol llue door n rul owing; lo this, lh@ link l5 will llo furl down wurd until the roof ol' tho ouvily 50 uliuls against tho upper mul ol Lho nr'hor lll.

l. A floor'olouor comprising' n, power opornloln flour closing' nrhor, u `governor. nmun: `lor trunslorring the filleul nl' the urhor lo the governor on :i predetermined movement of the door to thereby opern'l'o l-hc row-rum', u. brake member, :i pair ofilirulo mouilwrs for engaging tho companion brake mouiller nl; (lillfvront poiulis, :nul n lnovuhly inouuloil mouiller rigidly wurryiug Suid puir ol lnfulin inonilu'rs, azul :nouns uhorvhyvsnirl pnir of bruin? nuuuluun will Iu` mused lo ougrngo lulu', uonilmnion lli-niko uuuihor u'luu tho gov rruor moros nl :i preilolvrulinml spuoil.

l2. A. llooihnlowr rompi-kin;r :1 poweroporuhlo llooui'l ng nrhnr, :i lgovernor, iuouus l'or lruu.--l` \rrin,l 1; the. ullcil. o'l the urhor lo lllu norm-nor ou u prolfllrlorininoil lnovonirnl; nl' ihn door lo lzlurnliy (u'un'ulo lho govnruorT u hruln` nufuilwr oonueclofl 'with llu ,g'oi'rrnor for uioronlcnll lluucu'ilh, u jm'ir ol' luulfi uulnlwrrs l'or oruguging lh@` uouipunion luulio nuiuhn :il upproxilnzilolylinnnflriunlly opposite points, :in annular iumnlior 'uri-ying z-lninl puir ol luuko mrunhers nl, Sullslunlinlly nliuniulricullyopposiln poilus, :unl nwzuis for pivolnlly supporting :juill :innulur uuuuluu.

JOHN l'). llll Ml [.I REY.

lllfi 

